PRAKIRAAN DISTRIBUSI EROSI DAN SEDIMENTASI DI DAS CIMANUK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PREDIKSI HUJAN DARI SATELIT DAN MODEL SEDIMEN DISTRIBUSI SPASIAL

Agung Bagiawan

Abstract


Perubahan tata guna lahan sangat berdampak pada perubahan karakteristik hidrologi, hal tersebut teramati dan terindikasi pada meningkatnya banjir, terjadinya kekeringan, menurunnya ketersediaan air, serta meningkatnya laju sedimentasi. Perubahan karakteristik aliran tersebut perlu dipelajari dan diprediksi agar dapat dilakukan antisipasi, dan mitigasinya sehingga perencanaan, pembangunan dan pengoperasian sarana dan prasarana yang telah atau sedang dibangun nantinya dapat dioperasikan secara optimal dan berkelanjutan serta berbagai kebijakan pengelolaan dapat diambil untuk mengurangi bencana yang dapat timbul karenanya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menginformasikan kondisi erosi dan sedimentasi di DAS Cimanuk sehingga langkah dan kebijakan pengelolaan dapat ditentukan. Model aliran, erosi dan sedimentasi telah berhasil dikembangkan dan diterapkan di DAS Cimanuk untuk memetakan perubahan besarnya erosi dan pergerakan aliran yang membawa sedimentasi dari lahan ke sungai. Peta yang dihasilkan dari model tersebut telah dapat menggambarkan erosi yang terjadi di DAS Cimanuk dalam skala spasial (tempat) dan temporal (waktu) yang mana hasilnya mendekati dan sesuai dengan kondisi erosi dan sedimentasi yang terjadi di lapangan pada tiap-tiap sub DAS di Cimanuk. Hasil model yang telah berhasil menggambarkan perubahan besarnya erosi dan sedimentasi untuk tiap-tiap bulan tersebut dapat memberikan masukan kepada pengelola DAS untuk mengantisipasi/ menurunkan laju erosi dan sedimentasi yang terjadi dengan menyiapkan program konservasi lahan di sub Das Cimanuk pada lokasi yang terlihat mengalami erosi yang berat.

Keywords


Perubahan tata guna lahan, aliran, erosi, sedimentasi, satelit

References


Aksoy H, Kavvas ML. 2005. A review of hillslope and watershed scale erosion and sediment transport models. Catena 64: 247271. DOI:10.1016/j.catena.2005.08.008

Arabi M, Govindaraju RS, Hantush M. 2007. A probabilistic approach for analysis of uncertainty in the evaluation of watershed management practices. Journal of Hidrologi 333: 459471. DOI: 10.1016/j.hydrol.2006.09.12.

Canfield HE, Goodrich DC. 2006. The impact of parameter lumping and geometric simplification in modeling runoff and erosion in the shrublands of southeast Arizona. Hydrological Processes 20: 1735. DOI: 10.1002/hyp.5896.

Carpenter TM, Georgakakos KP. 2006. Discretization scale dependencies of the ensemble flow range versus catchment area relationship in distributed hydrologic modeling. Journal of Hidrologi 328: 242257. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.12.008.

FAO. 2003. The digital soil map of the world and derived soil properties, version 3.6. FAO/UNESCO: Rome, Italy.

Ferro V, Porto P. 2000. Sediment delivery distributed (SEDD) model. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering ASCE 5(4): 411422.

Heppner CS, Loague K. 2008. A dam problem: simulated upstream impacts for a Searsville-like watershed. Ecohidrologi 1: 408424. DOI: 10.1002/eco.34.

Jarritt NP, Lawrence DSL. 2007. Fine sediment delivery and transfer in lowland catchments: modeling suspended sediment concentrations in response to hydrological forcing. Hydrological Processes 21: 27292744. DOI: 10.102/hyp.6402.

Kalin L, Govindarju RS, Hantush MM. 2003. Effect of geomorphic resolution on modeling of runoff hydrograph and sedimentgraph over small watersheds. Journal of Hidrologi 276: 89111.

Kim S, Tachikawa Y, Sayama T, Takara K. 2009. Ensemble flood forecasting with stochastic radar image extrapolation and a distributed hydrological model. Hydrological Processes 23: 597611.

Kojima T, Takara K. 2003. Grid-cell based distributed flood-runoff model and its performance, weather radar information and distributed hydrological modeling. IAHS Publications 282: 234240.

Lenhart L, Rompaey AV, Steegan A, Fohrer N, Frede HG, Govers G. 2005. Considering spatial distribution and deposition of sediment in lumped and semi-distributed models. Hydrological Processes 19: 785794. DOI: 10.1002/hyp.5616.

Liu Z, Martina MLV, Todini E. 2005. Flood forecasting using a fully distributed model: application of the TOPKAPI model to the Upper Xixian Catchment. Hidrologi and Earth System Sciences 9(4): 347364.

Lu H, Moran CJ, Sivapalan M. 2005. A theoretical exploration of catchment- scale sediment delivery. Water Resources Research 41: 115. DOI:10.1029/2005WR004018.

Morgan RPC, Quinton JN, Smith RE, Govers G, Poesen JWA, Auerswald, K, Chisci G, Torri D, Styczen ME, Folly, AJV. 1998a. The European soil erosion model (EUROSEM): documentation and user guide. Silsoe College: Cranfield University, UK.

Morgan RPC, Quinton JN, Smith RE, Govers G, Poesen JWA, Chisci G, Torri D. 1998b. The European soil erosion model (EUROSEM): a dynamic approach for predicting sediment transport from fields and small catchments. Earth Surface Process and Landforms 23:527544.

Nakagawa H, Satofuka Y, Oishi S, Muto Y, Sayama T, Takara K, Sharma RH. 2008. Observations and modeling of rainfall and sediment runoff in the Lesti River basin, tributary of the Brantas River, Indonesia

Nunos JP, Viera GN, Seixas J, Goncalvas P, Carvalhais N. 2005. Evaluating the MEFEDIS model for runoff and soil erosion prediction during rainfall events. Catena 61: 210228. DOI: 10.1016/j.catena.2005.03.005.

Oishi S, Sayama T, Nakagawa H, Satofuka Y, Muto Y, Sisinggih D, Sunada K. 2005. Development of estimation method for impact energy of raindrop considering raindrop size distribution and the relationship between the impact energy and local sediment yield. JSCE 49: 10871092.

Sayama T, McDonnell JJ. 2009. A new time-space accounting scheme to predict stream water residence time and hydrograph source components at the watershed scale. Water Resources Research 45: 114. DOI: 10.1029/2008WR007549.

Sayama T, Takara K, Tachikawa Y. 2003. Reliability evaluation of rainfall-sediment-runoff models. IAHS Pub. 279: 131141.

Shirmohammadi A, Chu TW, Montas HJ. 2008. Modeling at catchment scale and associated uncertainties. Boreal Environment Research 13:185193. ISSN 1797-2469

Singh PK, Bhunya PK, Mishra SK, Chaube UC. 2008. A sediment graph model based on SCS-CN method. Journal of Hidrologi 349: 244255. DOI: 10.1016/j.hydrol.2007. 11.004.

Sivapalan M, Takeuchi K, Franks SW, Gupta VK, Karambiri H, Lakshmi V, Liang X, McDonnell JJ, Mendiondo EM, Oconnel PE, Oki T, Pomeroy JW, Schertzer D, Uhlenbrook S, Zehe E. 2003. IAHS decade on predictions in ungauged basins (PUB), 2003-2013: shaping an exciting future for the hydrological sciences. Hydrological Sciences Journal 48(6): 857880.

Tachikawa Y, Nagatani G, Takara K. 2004. Development of stage-discharge relationship equation incorporating saturated-unsaturated flow mechanism. Annual Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, JSCE 48: 712.

Takara K, Nakayama D, Tachikawa Y, Sayama T, Nakagawa H, Satofuka Y, Egashira S, Fujita M. 2001. A rainfall-sediment-runoff model in the upper Brantas River, East Java, Indonesia. Annuals of Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University, Japan 44(B-2): 247257.

Takasao T, Shiiba M. 1988. Incorporation of the effect of concentration of flow into the kinematic wave equations and its application to runoff system lumping. Journal of Hidrologi 102: 301322.

Wegener T, Wheater SH, Gupta VK. 2004. Rainfall-runoff modelling-a review. In Rainfall-runoff modelling in gauged and ungauged catchments. Imperial College Press: London; 18.

Xu ZX, Pang JP, Liu CM, Li JY. 2009. Assessment of runoff and sediment yield in the Miyun Reservoir catchment by using SWAT model. Hydrological Processess 23: 36193630. DOI: 10.1002/hyp.7475.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.32679/jsda.v9i1.363

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2018 Agung Bagiawan

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Indexed by:
        
Sekretariat:
 
Direktorat Bina Teknik Sumber Daya Air, Direktorat Jenderal Sumber Daya Air, Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.